2024-03-28T13:48:51Z
https://ijhar.net/oai/view
oai:https://ijhar.net/oai/view:ijhar:article/23
2019-12-13T19:24:57Z
1
England’s Policy on Palestine at the Beginning of 20th Centurty
Dr.. Ayşe ERYAMAN
Dr.,Güzel,Admin
England ; Palestine ; Zionism ; Ottoman Empire ; Colonialism
In this study, England’s policy on Palestine at the beginning of 20th century and the increase in Jewish migration to Palestine within the framework of Zionist movement as a result of these policies were explained, and it was tried to be proven that this process was actually the basis for the foundation of Israeli State.
Having a geopolitical importance and being in the center of Middle East, Palestine and its surroundings is a place where the international rivalry is intensive. Countries like the ones in Middle East became marginal in the 16th century with the rise of capitalism, and they have become the center of interest from great powers like England. With the ongoing colonialism race among the great powers in the 20th century, the interest in Palestine which was the part of Ottoman lands increased, and plans on this land were made in accordance with those goals. At this point, England viewed Palestine as a bridge to its colonies in Australia and Far East.
When considered in association with Mesopotamia, Palestine was providing a land route from Egypt to India and was joining the Africa with Asia. Aiming at keeping its transportation paths with the colonies in the East secure and maintaining its dominance on strategic sea routes in Mediterranean Sea, England supported Ottoman Empire until the end of 19th century. However, the rise of Germany pointed at the start of a new era in the world policy. Germany took the privilege of stretching the Berlin-Bagdad railway to Basra. This situation was a threat to England’s strategic communication in India and Far East trade. In the early 1900s, such developments caused Ottoman Empire to have policy changes in Middle East, especially Palestine. At this point, England started to have positive attitudes towards Russia’s goals on the straits in order to protect its interests in the region. After the approval of Russia, England started negotiations on three ways over the Ottoman land in Middle East. Within this context, it is observed that England had negotiations with Arabs, the French, and Zionists, and made some conflicting promises.
Since England considered a German control in Palestine as the biggest danger in the post-war world, it preferred to support the Zionists in order to secure the power demands in Middle East through a loyal ally and neutralize the Arabic nationalism. For this purpose, English imperialism gave the biggest support to Zionism. Ultimately, the English government declared its side with the foundation of a national Jewish state in Palestine on Balfour Declaration and activated a project of Jewish country. Thus, the defense of the Suez Canal became easy, and land connection to India was secured. Moreover, an Arabic Palestine state was prevented, which would eventually make England leave the region. The ultimate aim of England was to serve the English interests in Palestine. As can be seen, the decisions of England on Palestine reflect not only the interpretations in the light of developments in Middle East, but English global strategy as well.
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
2019-12-13T19:24:57Z
Research Article
application/pdf
eng
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=23
ISSN: 2687 - 4385
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=23
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches, June, Year 1 , Issue: 1 , Volume: 1 , Pages:
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=23
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches
oai:https://ijhar.net/oai/view:ijhar:article/24
2019-12-13T19:34:10Z
1
Sending Engineering Students And Officers To Germany For The Purpose Of Training In The Ottoman State
Dr.. Derya GEÇİLİ
Dr.,Güzel,Admin
Engineering ; Education ; Training ; Germany
In 18th Century, there were great developments in Europe in terms of iron, steel industry and technology. The fast development in technology and the changes that depended on these changes showed their influences in the field of education as well as in many other fields. It was noticed with these changes in Europe that the traditional education system was disrupted and reform movements started. The most important movement among these was establishing engineering schools to provide modern technical education. The engineering schools started to send students to Europe in order to observe and follow the developments after they graduated or when they were still students. In 1903, an education agreement was signed between Germany and Ottoman State, and students were sent to Germany to be trained as engineers and officers for the military. When the students were being selected, the criterion was their status in educations being well. When the number of the students demanding to be sent to Germany was more than necessary, they were subjected to take an exam. Investigators and teachers were assigned for the duty of preparing them. They continued to keep the students under control during their educations in Germany. Before the students were sent to Germany, they received preparatory training in Istanbul. The travel and training expenses of the students were covered by the Government. When there were unsuccessful students, they had to repay the expenses made by the Government. The students were subject to some laws and military rules when they started training. They had a preparatory period for six months, and they received military training. They were given training in engineering schools and in factories to receive technological developments. After the training in Germany, the students had to serve in the military for ten years. With the increasing number of the engineers trained in Germany, the number of the engineers supplied from other countries decreased. Some of these students were assigned to important duties, and had successful works. The students who were assigned to important duties in the Army after they graduated from their schools in Germany ensured that the western mentality was imposed to the Ottoman State. The problem of the scarcity of engineers was overcome, and the engineers who were brought from Europe by paying excessive salaries were replaced by the Turkish engineers. The selection and placement processes of the students and officers sent to Germany for engineering training will be explained in the following sections.
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
2019-12-13T19:34:10Z
Research Article
application/pdf
eng
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=24
ISSN: 2687 - 4385
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=24
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches, June, Year 1 , Issue: 1 , Volume: 1 , Pages:
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=24
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches
oai:https://ijhar.net/oai/view:ijhar:article/25
2019-12-13T19:40:23Z
1
Knife And Bursa's Knife Brand
Öğr.Gör.. Gültekin ERDAL
Dr.,Güzel,Admin
Bursa ; Cutlery in Bursa ; Traditional ; Typology
Today, to live crafts is like a miracle when the serial and fabricated products increase rapidly. New products that come with improving technology, has wiped out many concepts in our lives. Dozens of professions such as tinsmith, copper, feltmaking, wicker, blacksmithing, fragrance-making, spoon-making, ropery, stonework and pottery have been succumbed to technology. At the same time, although it is known to contain cultural values of our nation, all of these professions have not been prevented to lose. Perhaps the biggest factor is that people no longer need to this product. However, it is not different in the traditional occupations which they are needed by the people even though their consumptions are increased.
Turkish culture is virtually rich and colorful. An unrecorded handcraft always exists in almost every part in Anatolia. Bursa cutlery is just one of them. Unfortunately, we have no reliable source regarding Bursa knives. That’s why we have obstacles in academic study and research.
One of the biggest problems in producing handmade knives is mass production. As known, mass production means less cost and it eliminates the master-apprentice tradition. This handcraft passed along from father to son to be a priceless legacy then from master to apprentice in earlier times is now about to disappear, which means loss of cultural and ethnographic values. Traditional handcrafts which are subsidized in some countries are on the verge of disappearing in our country.
It is known that there were lots of towns where knives were made in the Ottoman Empire Period. Some of them still exist and Bursa is one of the most important ones. With this article Bursa knives have been recorded and given basic features of them and obtained typology. To that end, firstly, the forms of handles and materials used were analyzed in having the typology. When handle forms were the same but the embroidery technique was different. Classifications were made under subgroups. On the other hand, carrier sheath is another major detail in traditional Bursa knife. Sheaths for spear, dagger and hunting knives are made with great care, whereas, plastic carrier is preferred for kitchen knives for package reason.
The cutler profession in Bursa is one of the traditional profession can maintain its 700-year adventure. In this study, cutler profession in Bursa and Bursa’s knives has been researched and typology of Bursa’s knives was tried to generate. Thus, the 700-year school and therefore a treasure which should not be lost, aimed to prevent deletion from memories.
And in this article, carrier and sheaths are carefully considered in the analysis of the typology. The characteristics of traditional Burs knives were cited in this article. In doing so, recent problems concerning Bursa knives were questioned. Responsibilities of national and local administrations were stated one by one in order to pass along traditionally made Bursa knives to future generation. Another objective of this article is to introduce Bursa knives to World markets. Unlucky, this handcraft lives on thanks to just three knife masters at present. In this study, a link was constructed between knives traditionally made the knives made in recent years.
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
2019-12-13T19:40:23Z
Research Article
application/pdf
eng
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=25
ISSN: 2687 - 4385
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=25
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches, June, Year 1 , Issue: 1 , Volume: 1 , Pages:
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=25
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches
oai:https://ijhar.net/oai/view:ijhar:article/26
2019-12-13T19:59:17Z
1
Mathematics Gothic Arts: The Case Of Trefoil
Öğr.Gör.. Hülya BOZYOKUŞ ; Öğr.Gör.. Hatice Kübra GÜLER ; Arş.Gör.. Menekşe TAPAN ; Prof.Dr.. Rıdvan EZENTAŞ
Dr.,Güzel,Admin
Gothic Artworks ; Artworks in Mathematics ; Triple Clover ; Church Window Decoration
Gothic architecture has been worked in France in 1140. It has been used in the construction of long, bright and more voluminous churches in Paris. Gothic architecture provided constructing bright, pretty and spacious buildings after cold and primitive architecture which encountered at Middle Age. One of the characteristics of Gothic architecture is flying buttress that allows the spreading weights. These flying buttresses were gained decorative and aesthetic appearance to the mentioned arts as well as spreading the weight. With these decorations, extraordinary buildings were built which reached to the sky. Therefore, works of Gothic architecture are quite long. Cathedrals and churches can be the best examples of these structures.
The buildings weren’t classic anymore with Gothic architecture, and also it was provided to be aesthetic and nice. Some examples of Gothic architecture are: Notre Dame Cathedral, Amiens Cathedral, Arras Town Hall, Strasbourg Cathedral in France, Salisbury Cathedral, Westminster Abbey, Canterbury Cathedral in England, Cathedral of Milan, Siena Cathedral, Castel Del Monte in Italy, Malbork Castle, Frombork Cathedral in Poland, Burgos Cathedral, Seville Cathedral in Spain, Prague Castle, the Charles Bridge in Prague in the Czech Republic, Bruges City Hall, Brussels Town Hall in Belgium, Roskilde Cathedral in Denmark, Aachen Cathedral, St.Martin's Church in Germany.
Interior and exterior decoration of the Gothic artifacts is a fine craftsmanship products. The mentioned artifacts are usually decorated with rich stained glass windows. It has been benefited from the mathematical and geometric patterns on the decorations of the windows. Therefore, mathematics and art are intertwined.
Mathematics is a science which examines such as the relationship among the structures and the properties of numbers and multiplicity calculus, algebra, statistics and geometry. On the other hand, art is a method which is used for defining feelings, thoughts, design, beauty and aesthetic. Most of the researchers agree that mathematics and art influenced by each other. Geoerge Polya’s definition, “Mathematics is an art of problem solving.”, reveals the closed relationship between mathematics and art. At this point, Polya thinks that mathematics is an art. In fact, problem solving is a manifesting of the ideas for a mathematician as putting of the art for an artist who pursues his/her art. For the old gothic arts, the relationship between mathematics and art is seen clearly.
The aim of this study is to examine the trefoil design on Gothic arts in the analytical plane. On the previous studies, the windows of which shapes are trio, quartet and quintet on Gothic arts examined, but they weren’t examined in the analytical plane and their equations weren’t generated. It is the first time for the trefoil to examine in the analytical plane. Therefore, in this study, the clover designs on Gothic architecture were tried to be examined and to be generated the equation of the mentioned design. In the post studies, it is aimed for the design of quartet and quintet to examine.
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
2019-12-13T19:59:17Z
Research Article
application/pdf
eng
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=26
ISSN: 2687 - 4385
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=26
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches, June, Year 1 , Issue: 1 , Volume: 1 , Pages:
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=26
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches
oai:https://ijhar.net/oai/view:ijhar:article/27
2019-12-13T20:02:57Z
1
A CULTURAL EXAMPLE AND AN ASPECT OF TRADITIONAL TURKISH THEATRE IN THE PROCESS OF FORMING AND COMPOSING; ANATOLIAN TURKISH CULTURE AND THE “MEDDAH” …
Dr.Öğr.Üyesi. İbrahim İmran ÖZTAHTALI ; Öğr.Gör.. Birgül Yeşiloğlu GÜLER
Dr.,Güzel,Admin
Turkish Culture, Meddah ; Anatolia ; Traditional Turkish Theatre
It is an undeniable fact that since their appearance on the historical stage Turks have been a patron of arts and artisans and cared for both arts and artisans as a state in every state they have founded. It is fairly obvious how they have crafted iron and iron products with a thorough aesthetical attention into art during their exit from Ergenekon the legendary land. It may be argued that the movement based religious rituals of the Shamans may have formed the basis of the Traditional Turkish Theatre. Our traditional theatrical plays such as; Karagöz, light comedy, theatrical village play, puppet play and public storytelling “Meddah” have become an irreplaceable entertainment and education tool for centuries.
Karagöz, which is essentially a shadow play performed with stick controlled puppets of humans, animals and daily objects made of hide behind a white curtain and back light, is named after the lead character in the play Karagöz. “The play was brought to Anatolia in the 16th century following the Egyptian campaign of Yavuz Sultan Selim” (And,1985) Light comedy a sample of folk theatre based on ottoman eulogy is a performance where the actual performance takes place among the audience. The performance includes music, dancing, impressions. The play differs from Karagöz in nature because it is performed by live actors; however the terminology, sense of humor, characters and structure show significant resemblance to Karagöz. Light comedy oriented from similar plays performed in the 16th and 17th centuries however its introduction to the Turkish was done by the Jews. Light comedy became what it is as we know today in the 19th century by masters like Kavuklu Hamdi, Küçük İsmail and Abdürrezzak. (Konur, 2010) The roots of theatrical village play dates back as far as the history of mankind. It was formed by the traditionalisation of the suburban life’s religious and official celebrations. Theatrical village plays are mainly based on common special occasions depending on the cultural structure. The performances’ main aim is to entertain and they include drama and impressions.
The explicit function of theatrical village plays is public entertainment however the implicit function is to gather the public around a common goal.
The fact that Karagöz and light comedy were adopted by the Anatolian Turkish culture subsequently, however theatrical village plays can be observed in every culture universally whereas public story telling “Meddah” is one of the most significant fractions of the story creating, telling and impersonations of the Turkish culture. Meanwhile Meddah is the only theatrical drama amongst our theatricals. The origin of Meddah is based on story teller’s travelling from one settlement to another, visiting weddings and celebrations, telling the Dedem Korkut legends and also creating new stories and poems regarding current events in the Ghuzz Turks’ culture. (Köprülü, 1969) Culture has the function of influencing and being influenced by the land it inhabits and its natives just like a living organism. Although Anatolian culture has demonstrated its existence and Marks in many fields, the most effective field of work has always been arts. In this sense it is possible to say that Turkish theatre has acquired its essence and form through five important influences such as “ancestry (Central Asian Culture), location (Anatolian Culture), religion (Islamic Culture), and westernization. (And, 2002).
The stories told by the Meddah include many various and important life lessons. Meddah stories which can be used as an effective and efficient tool for educating the young are usually based on universal plots regarding the message that is desired to be conveyed. While notions like honesty, friendship, cooperation, the power of love are conveyed to the audience through the characters of the stories told negative notions like grudge, hostility and jealousy are told through the evil characters in the stories. In this article we are going to discuss Turkish culture and a very important product of it the Meddah.
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
2019-12-13T20:02:57Z
Research Article
application/pdf
eng
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=27
ISSN: 2687 - 4385
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=27
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches, June, Year 1 , Issue: 1 , Volume: 1 , Pages:
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=27
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches
oai:https://ijhar.net/oai/view:ijhar:article/29
2019-12-13T20:16:28Z
1
Cognition And Metacognition Strategies In Reading Education
Doç.Dr.. Erol OGUR
Dr.,Güzel,Admin
reading instruction ; reading strategies ; cognitive processes ; metacognitive processes
In recent years, one concept frequently used in the educational sciences literature is the concept of metacognition often emphasized. in educational psychology, concept of metacognition the first time used Flavell the end of the1970. In Turkey has been used concepts just as matecognition, metacognitive, metakognition associated with metacognitions. Metacognition is defined as an individual's knowledge about their own cognitive processes and this knowledge controlling cognitive processes. Cognitive theory accepts the approach that students can control and configure their own learning rather than students passive in the learning process. This kind of approach has been focused on the student's intrinsic properties. As a result of this concentration, it was further complimented concepts such as the "learning to learn", "self-learning" and "active learning" education in recent years. In yhis process, because of gain proficiency "Self-learning", the belief that the concept of metacognition came to the fore.The reason of this concept of metacognition of much to the fore in the learning process, it gives students skills that is about their own learning.
One of the main objectives of Turkish lesson is building reading habit in students. Students often should be given reading homeworks and the class should be convert a library in which reading is made in order to to acquire that habit. However, the efficient of reading exercises depends on implementing that reading exercises with a scientific viewpoint. That scientific perspective predicts that cognitive processes which is about reading can be developed with strategic reading styles. Additionally, A high level reading skills and habits is not attained unless that cognitive processes is consistently keep under control by metacognition. Therefore, ın order to get the results of the Turkish education course work, all kinds of reading strategies should be applied on reading texts many times and in this way the knowledge of reading strategies should be created and shortly after the work of meta cognition awareness should be made.
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
2019-12-13T20:16:28Z
Research Article
application/pdf
eng
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=29
ISSN: 2687 - 4385
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=29
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches, June, Year 1 , Issue: 1 , Volume: 1 , Pages:
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=29
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches
oai:https://ijhar.net/oai/view:ijhar:article/30
2019-12-13T20:18:58Z
1
Crafts in Bursa Pre-Republic and Republic's First Years
Doç.Dr.. Mehmet KAYA
Dr.,Güzel,Admin
Brussa ; Craft in Brussa ; Pre-Republic and Republic’s First Years
Bursa's history since the most ancient times was an important center of economic maintenance. This feature also continued during the reign of the Byzantine and the Ottoman Empire. There is an important contribution in terms of economic activities and crafts.
The diversity of crafts and reveals the diversity of the areas dealt with in the show as well as a structure that strengthens the city's economic structure. Shoemaking, Tanners, cutlery, painting listed among the first ones in the crafts.
The development of crafts and trades unions have an important share of the community. Occupation has created a control mechanism for the maintenance of morality, and has enabled better quality production. Apprentices learn their art under a certain discipline, but also hold an important place in the development of this art as a master of arts teaching.
Crafts can take in two parts, XIX. Century and after the proclamation of the Republic. Shoemaker, Tanners, middlemen, cutlery, painters, match silver processing, are among the major craft. including the pre-Republic period. Some of these crafts with the proclamation of the Republic began to prominence than others. Car manufacturing, Tanners, such as paper should be fine. Crafts splendid condition 16.-19 centuries. It showed in centuries. This is not limited to the development of crafts in this period only in Bursa, which are exported to other cities in the state here, even some of the city has been in the hands of a dominant position in terms of being a pioneer in the development of art. Besides working discipline needed to improve the art of artisans, art considering the morality of the act should be mentioned as an important point. Seeing the master apprentice learning throughout the learning and understanding of the intricacies of art, remarkable in terms of the development of art emerges as a state. Crafts were introduced in the period to leave a mark it works thanks to this development.
XIX. crafts with mechanization Century has entered into a recession. and sells cheaper to mass production with Europe, due to the more expensive products of craftsmen earned by manual labor has led to a reduction of their purchasing power. The first years of the Republic will be discussed in this article as the status of crafts in the city.
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
2019-12-13T20:18:58Z
Research Article
application/pdf
eng
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=30
ISSN: 2687 - 4385
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=30
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches, June, Year 1 , Issue: 1 , Volume: 1 , Pages:
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=30
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches
oai:https://ijhar.net/oai/view:ijhar:article/31
2019-12-13T20:22:31Z
1
A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE STUDIES ON URBAN CONSCIOUSNESS: THE SAMPLE RESEARCH IN BURSA
Dr.Öğr.Üyesi. A.Mehtap Sağocak
Dr.,Güzel,Admin
Urban Consciousness ; Belonging ; Awareness ; Responsibility ; Transformation ; Bursa
In connection with city, urbanity and urbanization, studies concerning the formation of urban culture and enhancement of urban life quality have become even more important in recent years. In this context, the concept of urbanization consciousness has become the main focus of many debates and research. Urban consciousness is the state in which the individual feels responsible towards the city and that the city belongs to them. The fact that individuals residing in a city have a sense of urban consciousness is very important in the conservation of the natural, historical and cultural values of that city, in the protection of the investments made and in providing an environment for peace, trust and prosperity. Bursa is a field of study that may set a good example for urban consciousness due to its various qualities such as its historical background, geographical location, natural beauty, industrial and commercial potential and demographic structure.
The subject of the present article “A Study on Urban Consciousness in Bursa” has been conducted by Uludağ University in cooperation with Bursa City Council as a Scientific Research Project and it has aimed to gather information about the emotional involvement of the individuals residing in Bursa with the city they live in, their future plans regarding the city, their perceptions of Bursa, the values they acquired in this city, their perception of self in the city, their possessiveness of the city, their representations of self in the city, urbanization and civil consciousness tendencies, social solidarity, their behavioral patterns for their love, knowledge and possessiveness of the city, for the protection, improvement and adaptation to the city and, as a result, to interpret the findings comparatively by statistical measurements.
The fundamental concepts that have become prominent as a result of the literature review and investigations for the measurement of urban consciousness are: “sense of belonging, awareness, responsibility and transformation” within the context of knowing, loving, owning and integrating with the city in a quadruple structure.
Based on these fundamental concepts, indicators have been formed with a survey study including 2000 individuals; findings and results have been evaluated within this suggested conceptual framework and published as a book in 2015. This model which was applied within the scope of the project as a distinctive model has a structure that could be taken as an example in many further urban consciousness studies. Conceptual correlations, findings, results and suggestions were opened to discussion over Bursa sample. It is anticipated that this formed conceptual framework may shed light on strategy, method, planning, administration and implementations of Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations and scientific institutions.
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
2019-12-13T20:22:31Z
Research Article
application/pdf
eng
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=31
ISSN: 2687 - 4385
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=31
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches, June, Year 1 , Issue: 1 , Volume: 1 , Pages:
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=31
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches
oai:https://ijhar.net/oai/view:ijhar:article/32
2019-12-13T20:26:51Z
1
The Views of Classroom Teachers on Child Book Selection
Öğr.Gör.. Metin BOZKURT
Dr.,Güzel,Admin
Reading ; child books ; children’s literature ; book selection ; classroom teacher
Proper and good Turkish using, critical and creative thinking, communication, problem-solving, research, information technology using, entrepreneurialism, and decision making take part in Turkish course curriculum. It is important that the qualified child books that will be selected for students must be able to develop these skills. Students' book selection is also important to make reading a habit. Sometimes students do not select good books by themselves. Books must be selected well to let students like reading, comprehend what they read, think about them, criticize, develop their lingual and mental skills, make analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. Selecting books and introducing them to student falls to classroom teachers. Classroom teacher must be a model for students in book selection, making reading a habit, and every meaning and shape them. In this respect, what are views of classroom teachers on child book selection is important. In this research, it is aimed to reveal classroom teachers' views on child book selection. It is a scanning, descriptive research. Data about classroom teachers' views on child book selection were collected and their frequency explained by percentages. The research's study group consists of classroom teachers that work in Zonguldak, Ereğli primary schools. The questionnaire that was prepared by researchers was used to collect data in the research. There were questions about personal information in the first part of questionnaire and there were questions that were asked about classroom teachers' views on book selection. It was determined that classroom teachers mostly consider if books are appropriate for students' ages, illustrated, high-quality, have good type-size, are informative, visually interesting, develops imaginations, and explains values when selecting books, they used internet, other teachers' recommendations, 100 fundamental books, most classroom teachers read books in order to ask questions about them, check if the books are appropriate for children's level, examine their content, children like tales and stories as child literature type, adventure, animals, fun, as subjects, classroom teachers usually select books in the beginning of second semester, take students' opinions, do this to make students read book with love, they select short story, illustrated, tale, poetry books, a few classrooms joined a training program, course, or seminar on child book selection, but most of them likes to join a training program, course, or seminar on child book selection to update their knowledge, to be helpful, and to make better selections as results of the research.
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
2019-12-13T20:26:51Z
Research Article
application/pdf
eng
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=32
ISSN: 2687 - 4385
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=32
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches, June, Year 1 , Issue: 1 , Volume: 1 , Pages:
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=32
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches
oai:https://ijhar.net/oai/view:ijhar:article/33
2019-12-13T20:29:48Z
1
The Study of High School Students’ Martyrdom Perception through Metaphor
Öğr.Gör.. Muammer HARDAL
Dr.,Güzel,Admin
Martyrdom ; Metaphor ; Perception ; High School Students ; Bursa
The ones who fought to protect his religion and homeland and passed away are blessed upon being martyrs. All the people in societies are interested in martyrs and being martyred have caused a social reaction. The ones who sacrifice their lives for his country have affected all the ones in society. This research aims to study the perception of high school students about martyrdom through metaphors. To achieve this, students are asked to produce metaphors related to the concept of ‘martyrdom’. This research uses phenomenology as a qualitative research method. The sample of this research is chosen from six different schools in Bursa and contains 120 students. Coding, sorting, reliability and validity testing, forming a sample metaphor, categorizing and transforming metaphors into quantitative data steps are followed. The participants produced 100 metaphors on the concept of martyrdom. The data is analyzed by using the content analyzing technique and classified under same categories. Students produced the following metaphors; martyrdom as a valuable phenomenon (19%), martyrdom as an example of sacrifice (17%), martyrdom as a high degree (17%), martyrdom as an example of immortality (13%), martyrdom as an example of heroism and courage (9%), martyrdom as an example of love and reaching the beloved one (7%), martyrdom as a duty (6%), martyrdom as an example of pain and separation (5%), martyrdom as a religious phenomenon (5%), and martyrdom as a complex phenomenon (2%). When all the categories studied, it is seen that martyrdom as a valuable phenomenon is prioritized over the others. The categories that are addressed have difference as context of gender and class. While female students have developed more metaphors related to category of martyrdom as a valuable phenomenon, male students have developed more metaphors related to category of martyrdom as a high degree. While 12th graders have developed metaphors related to the all categories, 9th graders have not developed metaphors related to category of martyrdom as an example of love and reaching the beloved one and martyrdom as a complex phenomenon, 10th graders have not developed metaphors related to category of martyrdom as a religious phenomenon, martyrdom as an example of pain and separation and martyrdom as a complex phenomenon, 11th graders have not developed metaphors related to category of martyrdom as a duty. As a result, students have high level of positive perception about ‘martyrdom’.
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
2019-12-13T20:29:48Z
Research Article
application/pdf
eng
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=33
ISSN: 2687 - 4385
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=33
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches, June, Year 1 , Issue: 1 , Volume: 1 , Pages:
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=33
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches
oai:https://ijhar.net/oai/view:ijhar:article/42
2019-12-22T21:41:36Z
1
Modeling and Optimizing a Vehicle Navigation System by G-Network
Arş.Gör.. Mohammad Kouchaki Pahnekolaei ; Arş.Gör.. Morteza Romoozi ; Arş.Gör.. Mahshid Ghorbani ; Arş.Gör.. Hamideh Babaei
Dr.,Romoozi,Morteza
Vehicle routing, navigation system, G-Network
Increasing the production of vehicles and necessity to use private and public cars have led to heavy traffic that has negative effects in that respect. The aim of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) is improving the quality of transportation, reducing travelling time and reducing fuel consumption via advanced technologies. Clearly, analyzing the routing problems of vehicles and finding optimized routes are among the considerable challenges in intelligent transportation systems.
Vehicle navigation systems are the systems used for leading and routing. Using GPRS communication, these systems provide on-line services for collecting instant traffic information, such as vehicles coordination, speed and type, for enhancing them for efficient routing of vehicles. Furthermore, they can prepare diverse traffic reports regarding time, period, max. and min. speeds, the total driven distance in a desired specific date or time limit.
Many navigation systems have used offline city maps and pre-set maps together with the history of navigation data obtained from GPS. These systems are not suitable due to rapid changes in the traffic conditions.
Since, online systems are preferred. Focusing on online navigation systems and dynamic VRP, we presented a navigation system for the vehicles to receive updated traffic information on reaching each junction, and select the best route with lower traffic to their destination, in case they are permitted to move in it.
In this paper, we used G-Network for modeling the proposed vehicles navigation system. G-Networks are queuing networks with the idea of considering negative customers against positive ones. Negative customers or signals can be considered actual or virtual, operating in different manners in the network. They can destruct positive customers in a queue [1], cause momentary passing of the customers to another queue [2], or remove a group of customers from the network [3].
Vehicles in our proposed model are positive customers and routing decisions are negative customers, here with considered virtual. The queue network is the map of an assumed city. Vehicles may be of different types, such as cars, heavy vehicles and rescue vehicles. Therefore, positive customers in the modeling include different classes. In this graph, each junction and also segments distributed uniformly in each pathway establish the queues of the queuing network. Accordingly, the relevant performance metrics of the network are presented.
The given model provide the possibility for us to use gradient descent method for optimization of the routing. Gradient descent is a first order optimization algorithm, used for finding the minimum rate of functions. In optimizing the behavior of the network, it was attempted to minimize the cost function, which includes parameters such as the probability of passing a type of vehicle from a junction and also probability of a routing decision in the junction.
The obtained results from optimization show that the routing problems are improved by considering different criteria including average delay for the vehicles, average delay for routing decisions, average delay for the whole network and average usefulness.
Increasing the production of vehicles and necessity to use private and public cars have led to heavy traffic that has negative effects in that respect. The aim of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) is improving the quality of transportation, reducing travelling time and reducing fuel consumption via advanced technologies. Clearly, analyzing the routing problems of vehicles and finding optimized routes are among the considerable challenges in intelligent transportation systems.
Vehicle navigation systems are the systems used for leading and routing. Using GPRS communication, these systems provide on-line services for collecting instant traffic information, such as vehicles coordination, speed and type, for enhancing them for efficient routing of vehicles. Furthermore, they can prepare diverse traffic reports regarding time, period, max. and min. speeds, the total driven distance in a desired specific date or time limit.
Many navigation systems have used offline city maps and pre-set maps together with the history of navigation data obtained from GPS. These systems are not suitable due to rapid changes in the traffic conditions.
Since, online systems are preferred. Focusing on online navigation systems and dynamic VRP, we presented a navigation system for the vehicles to receive updated traffic information on reaching each junction, and select the best route with lower traffic to their destination, in case they are permitted to move in it.
In this paper, we used G-Network for modeling the proposed vehicles navigation system. G-Networks are queuing networks with the idea of considering negative customers against positive ones. Negative customers or signals can be considered actual or virtual, operating in different manners in the network. They can destruct positive customers in a queue [1], cause momentary passing of the customers to another queue [2], or remove a group of customers from the network [3].
Vehicles in our proposed model are positive customers and routing decisions are negative customers, here with considered virtual. The queue network is the map of an assumed city. Vehicles may be of different types, such as cars, heavy vehicles and rescue vehicles. Therefore, positive customers in the modeling include different classes. In this graph, each junction and also segments distributed uniformly in each pathway establish the queues of the queuing network. Accordingly, the relevant performance metrics of the network are presented.
The given model provide the possibility for us to use gradient descent method for optimization of the routing. Gradient descent is a first order optimization algorithm, used for finding the minimum rate of functions. In optimizing the behavior of the network, it was attempted to minimize the cost function, which includes parameters such as the probability of passing a type of vehicle from a junction and also probability of a routing decision in the junction.
The obtained results from optimization show that the routing problems are improved by considering different criteria including average delay for the vehicles, average delay for routing decisions, average delay for the whole network and average usefulness.
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
2019-12-22T21:41:36Z
Research Article
application/pdf
eng
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=42
ISSN: 2687- 4385
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=42
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches, December, Year 3 , Issue: 2 , Volume: 2 , Pages: 26-37
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=42
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches
oai:https://ijhar.net/oai/view:ijhar:article/160
2020-05-26T13:22:24Z
1
A Qualitative Research On Motherhood Experiences
Prof.Dr.. SÜHEYLA SARITAŞ ; Arş.Gör.. Aslıhan Bozkurt
Prof.Dr.,Sarıtaş,Süheyla
Motherhood, Socioeconomic Status, Motherhood Experiences, Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, Class
Throughout history, socio-economic, cultural and political changes and transformations occurred in the structures of societies have also affected the basic institutions as well. As one of the basic institutions, the family and its elements have also been affected as mentioned above too. Undoubtedly, as one of the most basic actors of the family, woman and her roles and responsibilities are worth examining in all periods. Due to the changes which are experienced very fast in the modern world, it is certain that woman tries to position her own place and creates her identity, just like all the individuals in society.
The factors for the changes in the structures of the family have been shown in the roles and responsibilities of the woman and her active role in the public sphere. The perception in traditional societies where man is positioned outside the house and woman in the house is now abandoned, specifically in modern societies. On the other hand, as woman entered the work life, the social structure made her part of the social division of labor and also forced her to continue her traditional roles and responsibilities. Especially, the woman who has experience of motherhood has also become an important actor in work life while she is dealing with child care and house work.
The phenomenon of motherhood is defined as the practical realities and social importance of being a mother. This idea evaluates that motherhood is a socio-cultural phenomenon apart from a biological experience. In other words, the experience of motherhood is a social and cultural aspect rather than an individual one. Motherhood and maternity experiences are not only individual experiences but also refers to the identity of woman and her social status. The perception of motherhood which has changed in human history is generally defined and shaped as a social role and responsibilities in almost all societies. For this reason, the different motherhood roles emerged in different cultures and periods.
This study explores how mothers interpret motherhood, what are the strengths and weaknesses during motherhood cycle, generally accepted motherhood best practices, parental education, resources to which mothers refer during motherhood experiences, generally accepted motherhood model, relationship between mother and child, child care, challenges faced in terms of child care and parenting, how changes in financial income affect motherhood in general, the effects of social media and motherhood models depending on socio-economic status.
Main focus throughout the research is on motherhood experiences. The research is a qualitative case study for which Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) is adopted utilizing interviews performed with 40 mothers that live in Balikesir. This research reveals the fact that motherhood models change depending on the socioeconomic status; however, there are certain instances in which socioeconomic status does not matter.
The study reveals that motherhood experiences do not change according to class difference and every mother has high consciousness and awareness of this experience. Today motherhood experiences are obtained not only from a previous generation or social environment but also virtual environment, knowledge transmitted from masters, scientific information. This situation has reveals that motherhood experience is related with the cultural change and transformation.
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
2020-05-26T13:22:24Z
Research Article
application/pdf
eng
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=160
ISSN: 2687-4385
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=160
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches, June, Year 5 , Issue: 4 , Volume: 4 , Pages: 40-47
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=160
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches
oai:https://ijhar.net/oai/view:ijhar:article/176
2020-06-25T21:45:48Z
1
Machine Vibration Measurement With Designed High Resolution Monitoring Software
Dr.. İsmet Gücüyener
Dr.,Gücüyener,ismet
Shock Sensor, Machine Vibration, Visual C++
Vibration is formed as a result of the oscillating movements created by the machines. The vibration values of the running machines are expected to be at an acceptable level. Acceptable vibration values are determined by preliminary tests by the manufacturer. In the machine, the vibration of the machine increases due to the wear and tear of the interconnected parts over time. Therefore, an increase in the vibration values of the machines is observed before the possible malfunction. Machine vibrations are constantly monitored in almost every factory that is produced. In sensitive vibration measurements, it can even be revealed from which part the malfunction is caused. Different algorithms and different sensors are used to make vibration measurements accurately. Vibration sensors and software used in our country are imported from abroad. In this study, vibration measurement was investigated by using shock sensor. Primarily, the designed system was tested by reading the signs known to perceive correct data. The results of the test procedures were verified with the oscilloscope measurement values. The designed vibration measurement system can create more precise graphic values than oscilloscope marks measuring 150 MHz. The importance of sensitive graphic values emerges if it provides the least erroneous data to reveal the machine condition. An engine test setup has been created to measure vibration so as to provide field applications. Vibration measurement was carried out at different speeds of the DC motor used in the test setup. The vibration graphics obtained as a result of the test have been shown to be compatible with the motor values used in industrial application. The shock sensor used for vibration sensing converts physical values into electrical signals using piezo-electric substance. An explanation is made by illustrating how the sensor's physical structure is. The crystal substance used in the sensor structure is produced from substances found in nature. If the raw material source used in the sensor structure is found in our country, more sensitive sensors can be produced. It is used to convert the desired physical event into electrical values on the basis of the sensor. It is always desirable for electronic devices that sensor signal values convert the sensed physical event into a large electrical range value. Industrial electrical noise sources in the industrial environment can affect sensor signals. In this case, the wrong values can be measured and wrong information about the machine condition can be produced. Generating false values makes a system unreliable. Therefore, there is an electromagnetic shielding shield on the sensor circuit used. If the sensor marks produce values in a larger electrical range, the electronic system to be designed will be safer. The model described in this study will shed light on the sensor researches that will be used to detect vibration marks. In the system designed for piezo vibration measurement process, Visual C ++ software, 16 bit ADC capable National Instrument PCI-4451 data acquisition card and BNC-2140 signal connection terminal were used. In the designed software, sampling frequency, sampling number and input gain can be changed optionally. In the system, the detected analog signals are converted into digital values. The margin of error in this conversion process is ± 76µV. The small margin of error always ensures that the designed system is more reliable. This margin of error, which we cannot eliminate in electronic devices, is quite small in the designed measurement system. Thanks to this feature, signal changes that cannot be seen on an oscilloscope screen used in a lab environment can be monitored. In addition, selecting the sampling value of the designed system and changing the gain of the received signals reveals another superior feature of the designed system. Of course, it is possible to design more sensitive systems. But in this case, the cost will increase as a deterrent. It is clear that the physical environment under measurement will never be a very clean laboratory. The use of sensitive devices in these environments is almost impossible due to heat exchange, humidity, dust, vibrating environment. In addition, professional software that will provide sensor detection brings costs such as software fee and update fee and project application fee. The design provides a flexible cost-effective vibration measurement system suitable for use in both factory environment and non-sensitive laboratory applications with normal conditions.
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
International Journal Of Humanities And Art Researches
2020-06-25T21:45:48Z
Research Article
application/pdf
eng
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=176
ISSN: 2687- 4385
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=176
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches, Şubat 2018 , Issue: 1 , Volume: Ek 1 , Pages: 20-25
https://ijhar.net/paper/download?id=176
International Journal of Humanities and Art Researches